diff --git a/.env.development b/.env.development
index 0e2afa4..cd341cc 100644
--- a/.env.development
+++ b/.env.development
@@ -21,6 +21,4 @@ AUTHENTIK_USERINFO_ENDPOINT=https://auth.ose.tw/application/o/userinfo/
 
 PUBLIC_FRONTEND_ORIGINS=http://127.0.0.1:5173,http://localhost:5173
 INTERNAL_SHARED_SECRET=CHANGE_ME
-ADMIN_ALLOWLIST_EMAILS=chris@ose.tw
-ADMIN_ALLOWLIST_SUBS=17a35b0a03a752d60617cf2de2bef2aaf0f0f0f53f24e5bf33c3e7abb6c06e87
-ADMIN_REQUIRED_GROUPS=
+ADMIN_REQUIRED_GROUPS=member-admin
diff --git a/.env.example b/.env.example
index e28c7a4..8ff5dc4 100644
--- a/.env.example
+++ b/.env.example
@@ -21,6 +21,4 @@ AUTHENTIK_USERINFO_ENDPOINT=
 
 PUBLIC_FRONTEND_ORIGINS=https://member.ose.tw,https://mkt.ose.tw,https://admin.ose.tw
 INTERNAL_SHARED_SECRET=CHANGE_ME
-ADMIN_ALLOWLIST_EMAILS=
-ADMIN_ALLOWLIST_SUBS=
-ADMIN_REQUIRED_GROUPS=
+ADMIN_REQUIRED_GROUPS=member-admin
diff --git a/app/api/admin.py b/app/api/admin.py
index fa9115f..5e5b81e 100644
--- a/app/api/admin.py
+++ b/app/api/admin.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, status
 from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 
 from app.db.session import get_db
-from app.models.api_client import ApiClient
 from app.repositories.companies_repo import CompaniesRepository
 from app.repositories.modules_repo import ModulesRepository
 from app.repositories.permissions_repo import PermissionsRepository
@@ -17,7 +16,6 @@ from app.schemas.permissions import (
     PermissionGrantRequest,
     PermissionRevokeRequest,
 )
-from app.security.api_client_auth import require_api_client
 from app.security.admin_guard import require_admin_principal
 
 router = APIRouter(
@@ -67,7 +65,6 @@ def _resolve_scope_ids(db: Session, scope_type: str, scope_id: str) -> tuple[str
 @router.post("/permissions/grant")
 def grant_permission(
     payload: PermissionGrantRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, str]:
     users_repo = UsersRepository(db)
@@ -96,7 +93,6 @@ def grant_permission(
 @router.post("/permissions/revoke")
 def revoke_permission(
     payload: PermissionRevokeRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, int | str]:
     users_repo = UsersRepository(db)
@@ -121,7 +117,6 @@ def revoke_permission(
 
 @router.get("/permissions/direct", response_model=DirectPermissionListResponse)
 def list_direct_permissions(
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     keyword: str | None = Query(default=None),
     scope_type: str | None = Query(default=None),
@@ -146,7 +141,6 @@ def list_direct_permissions(
 @router.delete("/permissions/direct/{permission_id}")
 def delete_direct_permission(
     permission_id: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, int | str]:
     try:
diff --git a/app/api/admin_catalog.py b/app/api/admin_catalog.py
index 881ac79..3d32ec7 100644
--- a/app/api/admin_catalog.py
+++ b/app/api/admin_catalog.py
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ from sqlalchemy.orm import Session
 from app.core.keygen import generate_key
 from app.core.config import get_settings
 from app.db.session import get_db
-from app.models.api_client import ApiClient
 from app.repositories.companies_repo import CompaniesRepository
 from app.repositories.modules_repo import ModulesRepository
 from app.repositories.permission_groups_repo import PermissionGroupsRepository
@@ -39,7 +38,6 @@ from app.schemas.catalog import (
     SystemUpdateRequest,
 )
 from app.schemas.permissions import PermissionGrantRequest, PermissionRevokeRequest
-from app.security.api_client_auth import require_api_client
 from app.security.admin_guard import require_admin_principal
 from app.services.authentik_admin_service import AuthentikAdminService
 
@@ -126,7 +124,6 @@ def _sync_member_to_authentik(
 
 @router.get("/systems")
 def list_systems(
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     limit: int = Query(default=100, ge=1, le=500),
     offset: int = Query(default=0, ge=0),
@@ -139,7 +136,6 @@ def list_systems(
 @router.post("/systems", response_model=SystemItem)
 def create_system(
     payload: SystemCreateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> SystemItem:
     repo = SystemsRepository(db)
@@ -152,7 +148,6 @@ def create_system(
 def update_system(
     system_key: str,
     payload: SystemUpdateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> SystemItem:
     repo = SystemsRepository(db)
@@ -165,7 +160,6 @@ def update_system(
 
 @router.get("/modules")
 def list_modules(
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     limit: int = Query(default=200, ge=1, le=500),
     offset: int = Query(default=0, ge=0),
@@ -191,7 +185,6 @@ def list_modules(
 @router.post("/modules", response_model=ModuleItem)
 def create_module(
     payload: ModuleCreateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> ModuleItem:
     systems_repo = SystemsRepository(db)
@@ -213,7 +206,6 @@ def create_module(
 def update_module(
     module_key: str,
     payload: ModuleUpdateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> ModuleItem:
     modules_repo = ModulesRepository(db)
@@ -227,7 +219,6 @@ def update_module(
 @router.get("/systems/{system_key}/groups")
 def list_system_groups(
     system_key: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, list[dict]]:
     systems_repo = SystemsRepository(db)
@@ -246,7 +237,6 @@ def list_system_groups(
 @router.get("/systems/{system_key}/members")
 def list_system_members(
     system_key: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, list[dict]]:
     systems_repo = SystemsRepository(db)
@@ -270,7 +260,6 @@ def list_system_members(
 @router.get("/modules/{module_key}/groups")
 def list_module_groups(
     module_key: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, list[dict]]:
     modules_repo = ModulesRepository(db)
@@ -290,7 +279,6 @@ def list_module_groups(
 @router.get("/modules/{module_key}/members")
 def list_module_members(
     module_key: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, list[dict]]:
     modules_repo = ModulesRepository(db)
@@ -314,7 +302,6 @@ def list_module_members(
 
 @router.get("/companies")
 def list_companies(
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     keyword: str | None = Query(default=None),
     limit: int = Query(default=100, ge=1, le=500),
@@ -328,7 +315,6 @@ def list_companies(
 @router.post("/companies", response_model=CompanyItem)
 def create_company(
     payload: CompanyCreateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> CompanyItem:
     repo = CompaniesRepository(db)
@@ -341,7 +327,6 @@ def create_company(
 def update_company(
     company_key: str,
     payload: CompanyUpdateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> CompanyItem:
     repo = CompaniesRepository(db)
@@ -355,7 +340,6 @@ def update_company(
 @router.get("/companies/{company_key}/sites")
 def list_company_sites(
     company_key: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, list[dict]]:
     companies_repo = CompaniesRepository(db)
@@ -380,7 +364,6 @@ def list_company_sites(
 
 @router.get("/sites")
 def list_sites(
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     company_key: str | None = Query(default=None),
     keyword: str | None = Query(default=None),
@@ -420,7 +403,6 @@ def list_sites(
 @router.post("/sites", response_model=SiteItem)
 def create_site(
     payload: SiteCreateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> SiteItem:
     companies_repo = CompaniesRepository(db)
@@ -437,7 +419,6 @@ def create_site(
 def update_site(
     site_key: str,
     payload: SiteUpdateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> SiteItem:
     companies_repo = CompaniesRepository(db)
@@ -462,7 +443,6 @@ def update_site(
 
 @router.get("/members")
 def list_members(
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     keyword: str | None = Query(default=None),
     limit: int = Query(default=100, ge=1, le=500),
@@ -476,7 +456,6 @@ def list_members(
 @router.post("/members/upsert", response_model=MemberItem)
 def upsert_member(
     payload: MemberUpsertRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> MemberItem:
     users_repo = UsersRepository(db)
@@ -517,7 +496,6 @@ def upsert_member(
 def update_member(
     authentik_sub: str,
     payload: MemberUpdateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> MemberItem:
     users_repo = UsersRepository(db)
@@ -558,7 +536,6 @@ def update_member(
 @router.get("/members/{authentik_sub}/permission-groups", response_model=MemberPermissionGroupsResponse)
 def get_member_permission_groups(
     authentik_sub: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> MemberPermissionGroupsResponse:
     users_repo = UsersRepository(db)
@@ -574,7 +551,6 @@ def get_member_permission_groups(
 def set_member_permission_groups(
     authentik_sub: str,
     payload: MemberPermissionGroupsUpdateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> MemberPermissionGroupsResponse:
     users_repo = UsersRepository(db)
@@ -596,7 +572,6 @@ def set_member_permission_groups(
 
 @router.get("/permission-groups")
 def list_permission_groups(
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
     limit: int = Query(default=100, ge=1, le=500),
     offset: int = Query(default=0, ge=0),
@@ -609,7 +584,6 @@ def list_permission_groups(
 @router.get("/permission-groups/{group_key}/permissions")
 def list_permission_group_permissions(
     group_key: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, list[dict]]:
     repo = PermissionGroupsRepository(db)
@@ -636,7 +610,6 @@ def list_permission_group_permissions(
 @router.get("/permission-groups/{group_key}/bindings", response_model=GroupBindingSnapshot)
 def get_permission_group_bindings(
     group_key: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> GroupBindingSnapshot:
     repo = PermissionGroupsRepository(db)
@@ -658,7 +631,6 @@ def get_permission_group_bindings(
 def replace_permission_group_bindings(
     group_key: str,
     payload: GroupBindingUpdateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> GroupBindingSnapshot:
     repo = PermissionGroupsRepository(db)
@@ -715,7 +687,6 @@ def replace_permission_group_bindings(
 @router.post("/permission-groups", response_model=PermissionGroupItem)
 def create_permission_group(
     payload: PermissionGroupCreateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> PermissionGroupItem:
     repo = PermissionGroupsRepository(db)
@@ -728,7 +699,6 @@ def create_permission_group(
 def update_permission_group(
     group_key: str,
     payload: PermissionGroupUpdateRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> PermissionGroupItem:
     repo = PermissionGroupsRepository(db)
@@ -743,7 +713,6 @@ def update_permission_group(
 def add_group_member(
     group_key: str,
     authentik_sub: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, str]:
     groups_repo = PermissionGroupsRepository(db)
@@ -758,7 +727,6 @@ def add_group_member(
 def remove_group_member(
     group_key: str,
     authentik_sub: str,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, int | str]:
     groups_repo = PermissionGroupsRepository(db)
@@ -773,7 +741,6 @@ def remove_group_member(
 def grant_group_permission(
     group_key: str,
     payload: PermissionGrantRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, str]:
     groups_repo = PermissionGroupsRepository(db)
@@ -798,7 +765,6 @@ def grant_group_permission(
 def revoke_group_permission(
     group_key: str,
     payload: PermissionRevokeRequest,
-    _: ApiClient = Depends(require_api_client),
     db: Session = Depends(get_db),
 ) -> dict[str, int | str]:
     groups_repo = PermissionGroupsRepository(db)
diff --git a/app/core/config.py b/app/core/config.py
index cc8964e..64afa21 100644
--- a/app/core/config.py
+++ b/app/core/config.py
@@ -30,8 +30,6 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
 
     public_frontend_origins: Annotated[list[str], NoDecode] = ["https://member.ose.tw"]
     internal_shared_secret: str = ""
-    admin_allowlist_emails: Annotated[list[str], NoDecode] = []
-    admin_allowlist_subs: Annotated[list[str], NoDecode] = []
     admin_required_groups: Annotated[list[str], NoDecode] = []
 
     @field_validator("public_frontend_origins", mode="before")
@@ -43,7 +41,7 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
             return []
         return [origin.strip() for origin in value.split(",") if origin.strip()]
 
-    @field_validator("admin_allowlist_emails", "admin_allowlist_subs", "admin_required_groups", mode="before")
+    @field_validator("admin_required_groups", mode="before")
     @classmethod
     def parse_csv(cls, value: str | list[str]) -> list[str]:
         if isinstance(value, list):
diff --git a/app/security/admin_guard.py b/app/security/admin_guard.py
index 117b936..f669858 100644
--- a/app/security/admin_guard.py
+++ b/app/security/admin_guard.py
@@ -9,18 +9,14 @@ def require_admin_principal(
     principal: AuthentikPrincipal = Depends(require_authenticated_principal),
 ) -> AuthentikPrincipal:
     settings = get_settings()
-    allowed_emails = {email.lower() for email in settings.admin_allowlist_emails}
-    allowed_subs = set(settings.admin_allowlist_subs)
     required_groups = {group.lower() for group in settings.admin_required_groups}
 
-    if not allowed_emails and not allowed_subs and not required_groups:
+    if not required_groups:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_503_SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE, detail="admin_policy_not_configured")
 
-    email_ok = bool(principal.email and principal.email.lower() in allowed_emails)
-    sub_ok = principal.sub in allowed_subs
     principal_groups = {group.lower() for group in principal.groups}
     group_ok = bool(required_groups.intersection(principal_groups))
 
-    if not (email_ok or sub_ok or group_ok):
+    if not group_ok:
         raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_403_FORBIDDEN, detail="admin_forbidden")
     return principal